What are five key events that happened the Battle of Atlantics?

Question

one of the questions is what were the five key events, and i've been searching, but i couldn't find anything useful, and also who won in the end?
thanks.

Answer 1

The Battle of the Atlantic very nearly defeated Britain by strangulation. In 1941 and '42, known as the "Happy Time" by U-boat crews, only a fraction of the necessary supplies were getting through. Churchill called the Battle of the Atlantic "the only thing that really scared me during the Second World War."



Five big events:



Surrender of France - The French surrender in 1940 gave German U-boats access to bases on the west coast of France, without which they would have been more or less bottled up in the Baltic sea.



Air cover - The was a large area in the middle of the Atlantic beyond the range of Allied aircraft. This where most sinkings occurred. Later, with longer-range aircraft, and more bases, primarily in Newfoundland and Iceland, the gap closed, and aircraft became such efficient hunters that in the last two years of the war, more U-boats were sunk by aircraft than by ships.



US enters - The US entry into the war in December of 1941, added major resources to the Allies' battle against U-boats, both in transport ships and warships. It should also be noted, though, that the U-boats had a field day for several months, sinking American shipping along the east coast of the US, because American commanders were slow to understand the threat.



ASDIC/sonar - The ability to detect submerged U-boats using sound waves, and the tactics used to take advantage of that tool, got progressively better.



Enigma - Unknown to the Germans, The British had access to Germany's highly secret Enigma coding machines, and the U-Boat service was particularly sloppy about sending messages, often giving the Allies the position of U-Boats.





The Allied invasion of France in December 1944, was the end of the U-Boat threat, because the Germans lost those bases on the Atlantic. By that time, though, The Battle of the Atlantic turned dramatically in the Allies' favour.

Answer 2

One key event was the development of ASDAC by the British for hunting down German U-Boats.



ASDIC was a central feature of the Battle of the Atlantic. One crucial development was the integration of the ASDIC with a plotting table and weapons (depth charges and later Hedgehog) to make an anti-submarine warfare system.



ASDIC produced an accurate range and bearing to the target, but could be fooled by thermoclines, currents or eddies, and schools of fish, so it needed experienced operators to be effective. ASDIC was only effective at low speeds. Above 15 knots (28 km/h) or so, the noise of the ship going through the water drowned out the echoes.



The early wartime Royal Navy procedure was to sweep the ASDIC in an arc from one side of the escort's course to the other, stopping the transducer every few degrees to send out a signal. Several ships searching together would be used in a line, 1–1.5 mi (1.6–2.4 km) apart. If an echo was detected, and if the operator identified it as a submarine, the escort would be pointed towards the target and would close at a moderate speed, the submarine's range and bearing would be plotted over time to determine course and speed as the ship closed to within 1,000 yards (910 m). Once it was decided to attack, the escort would increase speed, using the target's course and speed data to adjust her own course. The intention was to pass over the submarine, then roll depth charges, from chutes at the stern, at even intervals and depth-charge throwers would fire further charges some 40 yd (37 m) on either side. The intention was to lay a 'pattern' like an elongated diamond, hopefully with the submarine somewhere inside. To effectively disable a submarine, a depth charge had to explode within about 20 ft (6.1 m). Since early ASDIC equipment was poor on determining depth, it was usual to vary the depth settings on part of the pattern.



There were disadvantages to the early versions of this system. Exercises in anti-submarine warfare had been restricted to one or two destroyers hunting a single submarine whose starting position was known, and working in daylight and calm weather. U-boats could dive far deeper than British or American submarines, well below the deepest setting on the British depth charges (diving depth of over 700 feet (210 m) against a maximum depth charge setting of 350 feet). More importantly, early ASDIC sets could not look directly down, so the operator lost contact on the U-boat during the final stages of the attack, a time when the submarine would certainly be manoeuvring rapidly. The explosion of a depth charge also disturbed the water so ASDIC contact was very difficult to regain if the first attack had failed. It enabled the U-boat to change position with impunity.



The belief ASDIC had solved the submarine problem, the acute budgetary pressures of the Great Depression and the pressing demands for many other types of rearmament meant little was spent on anti-submarine ships or weapons. Most British naval spending, and many of the best officers, went into the battlefleet. And critically, the British expected that, as in the First World War, German submarines would be coastal craft, and only threaten harbour approaches. As a result, the Royal Navy entered the Second World War in 1939 without enough long-range escorts to protect ocean shipping, and there were no officers[citation needed] with experience of long-range anti-submarine warfare. The situation in Royal Air Force Coastal Command was even more dire, where patrol aircraft lacked the range to cover the North Atlantic and could typically only machine-gun the spot where they saw a submarine dive.



The allies won the Battle of the Atlantic



Source(s)

Reading and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_the_Atlantic_%281939%E2%80%931945%29



At Chris: Depth Charges were developed and used for the first time in January 1916, during World War 1.

Answer 3

assuming that this is WWII. the battle of the Atlantic was mainly against the allied surface ships and the German U-boats.

1. sinking of U.S merchant ships BEFORE December 8th 1941

2. invention of the depth charge to counter U-boats

3. Germans fit their U-boats with a snorkel so they can remain hidden under the water

4. sonar is fitted on U.S war ships.

5. increased air patrols around the coast and using air cover to protect the merchant ships.



the Germans were pretty hard to destroy as it was super hard to locate a U-Boat in the first place. not to mention they were literally at our door step. at night when they surfaced they could see the cars driving at night. when a ship left port the U-Boats would track the ships until they were out of sight. then the Germans would either surface and batter the ships with their 88MM deck gun or remain submerged and torpedo the merchants. but in the end we cleared the U-Boats out with air cover and sonar.

Answer 4

The conflict of Jutland became a significant conflict; whether, it had little strategic result and became a non-adventure. The Germans have been blockaded formerly the conflict, and that they remained blockaded after the conflict. Revolution in Russia became a key adventure as a results of fact the repercussions persevered for 80 years.